Drilling fluid for well drilling
Drilling fluid, commonly known as mud, is translated into drilling mud in English. It is recognized as the blood of oil field drilling and plays a very important role in drilling operations. Therefore, the drilling fluid is very demanding, mainly in four aspects:
1. Requirements for drilling cycle
Drilling fluid requirements for drilling fluid are low pump pressure (low viscosity), strong sand carrying capacity (high dynamic shear force), low starting pump pressure (low static shear force), good lubrication performance, low friction and low wear (less solid particles) ).
2. To maintain the stability of the wellbore
The drilled formation should be balanced by the pressure column of the drilling fluid and the pressure of the formation. The density of the drilling fluid is stable. When drilling the oil and gas layer, the pressure column of the drilling fluid is used to balance the pressure of the oil and gas. The drilling fluid is required to overcome the performance of the unstable formation, such as the expansion of the wellbore caused by the swelling of the mudstone; the conglomerate and the volcanic rock collide with the water, and the salt rock forms a cave with water, which requires different drilling fluids.
3. Require drilling fluid to protect oil and gas layers
After drilling the oil and gas layer, the drilling fluid is in contact with the oil and gas layer. In order to prevent the drilling fluid from damaging the oil and gas layer, the drilling fluid is required to have small water loss and thin mud cake. After the drilling fluid loses water, the solid pressure difference solid particles form mud on the well wall. The cake ring), the solid phase content is low, and the hydration of the filtrate is low (the chemical action of the filtrate after entering the formation and the liquid in the formation).
4. Protect the environment and ecologyDrilling fluids 
often contain crude oil, diesel oil and various oils and contain a large amount of chemical treatment agents. To prevent the environmental and ecological effects of drilling fluids, it is required to use harmless and non-toxic drilling fluids.
Mud has many functions, mainly to carry cuttings from the bottom of the well to the ground. With the rapid advancement of oilfield science and technology, drilling fluids have evolved from just drilling drills to adapting to all aspects of drilling.
1. Clean the bottom of the well, suspend and carry debris, and keep the wellbore clean.
2. Balance formation pressure, stabilize wellbore, prevent well collapse, blowout, and lost circulation.
3. Pass water power to help the bit break the rock.
4. Passing power to the downhole power drill,
5. Cool the drill bit and the drill.
6. Drilling fluid is used for geological and gas logging.
7. Offshore oil drilling and completion projects, including geological, exploration, cementing, casing, logging, logging, etc., need to be completed through the cooperation of mud
Written by GN Solids Control
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Published: 01 November 2018
The Mobile Thermal desorption plant (TDU) is a good solution to treat oily sludge and oil based drill cuttings. GN Solids Control developed TDU together with an European company. Most of the major parts are made and imported from European. But TDU is a huge cost for most companies. So mostly, clients will choose oily sludge separation system.
GN Solids Control is the leading manufacturer for oily sludge separation system. For most of other companies, they do only make part of the processing equipment, like most shaker manufacturers are not capable to make centrifuges. Centrifuge manufacturers do not make shale shaker. But GN Solids Control is only focus on the liquid and solids separation. It make the complete line process equipment for liquid / solids separation, like for the oily sludge treatment.
Below is an oily sludge separation system in GN yard. It is for a client and ready for delivery. It is a typical oily sludge separation system with full functions. Below is the major equipment included in the system:
1) Heating and pre-mixing tank unit
2) Oil skimming system
3) Solids separation unit. It is the 1rst separation treatment. The unit includes a high G force shale shaker for coarse solids separation, and a high speed decanter centrifuge for fine solids separation
4) After that, it is the 2nd washing and separation unit. The unit includes a washing tank and another high speed decanter centrifuge.
5) A disc centrifuge is used after the 2nd centrifuge separation. The disc centrifuge is used for 3-phase separation. After disc centrifuge, it is solids, water and oil.
6) The oil water separator is also used after disc centrifuge is further remove the water in the oil;
7) A water treatment system is used as the final stage to purify the recovered water from the oily sludge system.
The oily sludge separation system utilizes heating and chemical washing method to treat the oily sludge. You can contact GN sales team, or visit GN website to see the jobsite performance of the chemical heating and washing system for oily sludge.
http://www.gnsolidscontrol.com/video/oil-sludge-treatment-test-unit-working-video
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Published: 27 October 2018
GN Solids Control offers different sizes and lengths Screw conveyors to carry drill cuttings from barite recovery decanter centrifuge, solids control shale shakers, mud cleaner Desander and Desilter to mud cutting waste pits eliminating water-jetting. The Screw conveyors can also feed or discharge drill cutting from other solids control equipment, like to feeding for High G dryer shale shaker or Vertical cuttings dryer, to transfer the discharges cuttings to skips or other drilling waste containers.
GN Solids Control screw conveyoraugers can be provided with mechanism of automatic emergency cut off and switch off the power supply to the auger when the covers / gratings around the auger are opened / removed or not closed or not appropriately fixed.
All augers are equipped with explosion proof limit switches for all auger covers for each sections. There are controls inside the motor starter control panel for the limit switches. In case any auger covers are opened / removed / not fixed appropriately, the auger will be switched off and be stopped.
Besides the mechanism of automatic emergency stop, GN Solids Control makes screw conveyors with other optional safety protections. Below are some of the optional safety protection provided by GN.
1) GN screw conveyor augers can be equipped with Electromagnetic brake motor for immediate stop without delay. For normal motors, the auger will be stopped after some seconds while press E-stop. With the electromagnetic brake motor, there will be no delay.
2) GN screw conveyor augers can be equipped with full Length Safety Grab Wires
3) GN screw conveyor augers can be equipped with mechanical speed reducer for variable speed control.
Screw conveyors is a normal equipment popular used for drilling mud solids control system and drill cuttings treatment systems. For more information of the screw conveyor or other drill mud and cuttings treatment system, please contact GN 7×24 hour service line.
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Published: 24 October 2018
Many manufacturers are labeling their screens as “conforming to API RP 13C. But few companies have the API RP13C testing report. They do not really know what does API RP13Cscreen means? How they can say their screens are “conforming to API RP 13C. They must supply the test report and data from the authorized third party as support and confirm.
GN is the onlyoneChinese company who has the API RP 13C third party test report according to API RP 13C. This means all the data on GN made screen labels are fromlab test, it is accurate. But most other China competitors cannot offer the API RP13C testing report. If clients get screen from other suppliers without API RP13C testing report, or they do not have the full line report to cover all API sizes per API RP13C standard. It means the data on the screen tag or label is not accurate. Maybe the API 140shale shakerscreen they sold is actually API 100 or API 170. With the wrong screen opening, rig site people are difficult to control the mud weight and mud flow. That is the root reason that why many big companies do not accept these types of screen from the suppliers without full line API RP13C testing report. They only accept API RP 13C compliant screens.
GN Solids Control is one of the biggest manufacturers for oil field replacement shale shaker screens. GN Solids Control has Research and Development department specialized on high quality replacement screens development. GN owns the full line production equipment to make composite material screens by from raw material to final screen. It ensures a better quality control for all process and materials.
GN Solids Control can make high quality replacement screens for most of the popular shaker models. Furthermore, GN Solids Control can make customized design screens, or make screens with clients’ legal company name, logo, package and branding.
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Published: 15 October 2018
GN design and manufacture crude oil sludge treatment system. The main principle of process is by heating the oil sludge and wash the oil sludge with chemical and separate by GN separation equipment to get final product of clean oil, clean water and environmental friendly solids.
The process of GN Crude Oil Sludge Treatment is as below:
1) Pick up oil crude oil sludge.
Depends on the condition of the oil sludge, a sludge vacuum pump can be used to pump solids and mixture of liquid. The excavator will be used to pick up sticky and high solids content crude oil sludge.
2) Pre-Mixing with heat and chemical
After pick up from the sludge pit, diesel or water will be added to the mixing tank to dilute the oil sludge, and the tank is design with heating pipelines to heat up the oil sludge to be 70 c degree. Oil sludge treatment chemicals will be added during the mixing process to reduce the viscosity and enhanced the separation of the oil sludge.
3)Primary screening separation.
After mixing and washing, the mixture of sludge will be pumped to the shale shaker for separation of coarse solids. Typically, 2mm screen will be used on the shale shaker.
4) 2 Phase decanter centrifuge separation
After removal coarse solids by shale shaker, the fluid with fine solids will be pump to the two phase decanter centrifuge for fine solids separation. The majority of the solids will be separated by the decanter centrifuge. Typically, the solids discharged will be have oil on solids below 2%. And the solids will be sent to thermal desorption unit or further treatment.
5) 3 Phase separation
After fine solids separation by decanter centrifuge The fluids will be feed to a 3 phase disc centrifuge for separation of oil, water and solids. The recovery oil can be sold to Refinery Company.
6) Water treatment Process.
The water discharged from disc centrifuge will be sent to a water treatment equipment to get clean water. And the recovery water can be reused for washing the oil sludge again.
You can visit here to check the video of our oil sludge treatment system below:
http://www.gnsolidscontrol.com/video/oil-sludge-treatment-test-unit-working-video
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Published: 10 October 2018
Some sets GN sludge Vacuum Pump unit and a big quantity of mud agitators have been shipped for a national project in China. The sludge vacuum pump is an ideal solution for solids transfer, and for long distance transfer. The mud agitator is basic solids control equipment for drilling rig mud system. The agitator is composed of EX control, worn and gear reducer, shaft, impeller and tank bottom stabilizer, which enable stable performance in wild severe environment The mud agitators are high-efficiency mud-mixing units offered in a wide array of custom sizes, and configurations to accommodate virtually any mud tank. It is to avoid over-load of current during start up motor.
Mud agitators can be equipped to all kinds of mud tanks, for agitating and to avoid solids settle down. For example, the mud agitators can be used for sand trap tank (shale shaker tank), intermediate tank, suction tank, storage tank, mixing tank, storage tank, water tank, brine tank, etc…GN Solids Control can make full package of mud tank system equipped with mud agitator and other processing equipment. GN Solids Control can also offer the mud processing equipment only, and offer relative drawings to clients to help them build mud tanks locally.
Besides mud agitator, GN Solids Control is capable to make the full package of solids control equipment. Below are some of the mud processing equipment made by GN Solids Control. But it is not limited to below equipment.
1)GN Solids Control makes 3-panel, 4-panel Linear motion shale shakers for the coarse solids separation in drilling mud system.
2)Hydra cyclone cleaner, like desander, desilter and mud cleaner
3)Decanter centrifuge can be used for barite recovery and dewatering system for fine solids separation.
4)Mud shearing and mixing unit for mud chemical dosing and mixing.
5)Other small equipment for mud tank system, mud gun, shearing pump, centrifugal pump, screw pump, screw conveyor for drilling cuttings transfer, etc…
Furthermore, in order to support clients better, GN Solids Control makes high quality replacement screens for different brand shale shakers, not only for GN own brand shakers.
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Published: 15 September 2018